If the world is a stage, Indian cinema is one of its most vibrant, melodious, and dramatic acts. As we celebrate the centenary of Raj Kapoor – a man who arguably put the ‘show’ in showbiz for India and reflect on the Kapoor family’s recent meeting with the Prime Minister, we are reminded of the role cinema plays as a vital tool in shaping India’s global narrative. Indian cinema, with its kaleidoscope of emotions, music, and drama, has been a bridge between nations, connecting diverse cultures and hearts in ways that politics alone could never achieve.
The story of Indian cinema as an instrument of soft power is not new. It begins with figures like Raj Kapoor, whose films captured the imagination of audiences far beyond India’s borders. Raj Kapoor, fondly known as the “Showman of Bollywood”, wasn’t just a cinematic genius; he was India’s unofficial cultural ambassador. His films, from Awaara to Shree 420, struck a chord far beyond Indian borders. In the Soviet Union, Kapoor was as much a household name as Lenin (albeit for very different reasons). His portrayal of the lovable underdog resonated with audiences from Moscow to Tashkent, proving that you don’t need subtitles to understand the language of dreams, struggles, and love.
Kapoor’s melodious anthems like Mera Joota Hai Japani were not just chart-toppers; they were cultural exports that embodied the spirit of post-independence India: confident, aspirational, and unapologetically quirky. His legacy laid the groundwork for Indian cinema’s role as a bridge-builder in geopolitics. By the time Kapoor’s films reached their zenith, they weren’t just movies; they were symbols of a nation finding its voice on the global stage. At a time when official diplomatic channels were constrained, Kapoor’s cinema became an informal ambassador, building goodwill and fostering a sense of shared humanity.
This legacy of cinema as a cultural bridge continued to evolve. During the era of non-alignment, India projected itself as a champion of decolonisation and solidarity with the Global South. Indian films became a cultural export to newly independent nations in Africa and Asia, where audiences found their own struggles and aspirations reflected in the stories and characters of Bollywood. The films of actors like Dilip Kumar and Nargis resonated deeply, presenting an India that was modern, resilient, and inclusive. These films often emphasised themes of social justice, equality, and community values that aligned with the aspirations of nations emerging from colonial rule.
In the Middle East, Indian cinema became a sensation. The songs and stories of Bollywood were embraced across the region, with stars like Amitabh Bachchan achieving near-divine status. In countries like Egypt and Iran, Indian films became a staple of cultural exchange, showcasing the universality of love, sacrifice, and triumph over adversity. Similarly, in Africa, the influence of Indian cinema extended beyond entertainment. It fostered a sense of kinship, often drawing parallels between the struggles depicted on screen and the lived experiences of its audiences. In countries like Nigeria and South Africa, Indian films became a medium through which communities bonded, celebrated, and engaged with a shared narrative of resilience and hope.
Even in the post-liberalisation era, as globalisation brought nations closer economically, Indian cinema adapted to new realities while retaining its cultural essence. Shah Rukh Khan emerged as a global icon, hailed as the “King of Bollywood”, with fans from Berlin to Jakarta swooning over his charisma. The turn of the millennium also saw Indian films making their mark in non-traditional markets like China. Aamir Khan’s Dangal and Secret Superstar resonated with Chinese audiences, showcasing themes of empowerment and familial love. These films were not just box office successes; they were moments of cultural diplomacy, creating connections in places where political relations often fluctuated.
Beyond its emotional appeal, Indian cinema has also played a practical role in strengthening international ties. Festivals like the International Film Festival of India (IFFI) have been platforms for cultural exchange, inviting global filmmakers and audiences to engage with India’s rich cinematic heritage. Bollywood’s collaborations with international artists and studios have further underscored its global relevance. Co-productions, international filming locations, and the growing presence of Indian films in global award circuits, including the Oscars, reflect India’s growing cultural clout.
Indian cinema’s influence also extends to soft economic power. The global popularity of Bollywood has given rise to Bollywood tourism, with fans traveling to India to experience the vibrant locales depicted on screen. This not only boosts local economies but also creates a deeper appreciation of India’s cultural diversity. Indian films often showcase the country’s traditions, cuisine, and landscapes, turning them into ambassadors of India’s soft power.
The recent meeting between the Kapoor family and the Prime Minister, coinciding with the centenary of Raj Kapoor, is a testament to the enduring impact of Indian cinema in shaping India’s global identity. Raj Kapoor’s legacy serves as a metaphor for the broader narrative of how Indian culture transcends borders. The significance of this event lies not just in its nostalgia but in its reminder of how far Indian cinema has come in influencing perceptions of India across the globe.
Cinema remains a unique diplomatic tool because it communicates through emotions that are universally understood. Indian films, with their celebration of life, love, and resilience, embody values that resonate across cultures. They break down stereotypes, foster empathy, and create a narrative of India as a nation that is vibrant, inclusive, and forward-looking. The songs, dances, and larger-than-life stories are more than entertainment; they are expressions of a culture that is unafraid to dream big and share those dreams with the world.
In the 21st century, soft power has become an essential component of global leadership. Military might and economic strength may define a nation’s hard power, but it is cultural influence that wins hearts and builds trust. For India, the growing footprint of its cinema underscores its rise as a global cultural force. Bollywood is not just an industry; it is a movement that carries the ethos of a nation ready to engage with the world in meaningful ways.
As we honour 100 years of Raj Kapoor and his timeless contributions, we are reminded that the story of Indian cinema is deeply intertwined with the story of India itself. It is a journey of resilience, aspiration, and global collaboration. The centenary of Raj Kapoor is not merely a celebration of a legend; it is a reflection of Indian cinema’s unparalleled ability to connect, inspire, and lead on the world stage.
In the words of Raj Kapoor, “The show must go on.” And for Indian cinema, it’s not just going on; it’s flourishing, carrying the dreams of a billion people and sharing them with the world.
